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What is artificial intelligence?


What is artificial intelligence (AI)?

Artificial Intelligence is a method of making a computer, a computer-controlled robot, or a software think intelligently like the human mind. AI is accomplished by studying the patterns of the human brain and by analyzing the cognitive process. The outcome of these studies develops intelligent software and systems.

Artificial intelligence involves replicating human intellectual processes through machines, especially computers. There are many applications of AI, such as expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, and machine

Advantages and Disadvantages of AI

Advantages

  • It reduces human error
  • It never sleeps, so it’s available 24x7
  • It never gets bored, so it easily handles repetitive tasks
  • It’s fast

Disadvantages

  • It’s costly to implement
  • It can’t duplicate human creativity
  • It will definitely replace some jobs, leading to unemployment
  • People can become overly reliant on it

Let us continue this article on What is Artificial Intelligence by discussing the applications of AI.

Weak AI vs. Strong AI

When discussing artificial intelligence (AI), it is common to distinguish between two broad categories: weak AI and strong AI. Let's explore the characteristics of each type:

  • Weak AI (Narrow AI)

Weak AI refers to AI systems that are designed to perform specific tasks and are limited to those tasks only. These AI systems excel at their designated functions but lack general intelligence. Examples of weak AI include voice assistants like Siri or Alexa, recommendation algorithms, and image recognition systems. Weak AI operates within predefined boundaries and cannot generalize beyond their specialized domain.

  • Strong AI (General AI)

Strong AI, also known as general AI, refers to AI systems that possess human-level intelligence or even surpass human intelligence across a wide range of tasks. Strong AI would be capable of understanding, reasoning, learning, and applying knowledge to solve complex problems in a manner similar to human cognition. However, the development of strong AI is still largely theoretical and has not been achieved to date

Types of Artificial Intelligence 

1. Purely Reactive

These machines do not have any memory or data to work with, specializing in just one field of work. For example, in a chess game, the machine observes the moves and makes the best possible decision to win. 

2. Limited Memory

These machines collect previous data and continue adding it to their memory. They have enough memory or experience to make proper decisions, but memory is minimal. For example, this machine can suggest a restaurant based on the location data that has been gathered.

3. Theory of Mind

This kind of AI can understand thoughts and emotions, as well as interact socially. However, a machine based on this type is yet to be built. 

How Does Artificial Intelligence Work?

Put simply, AI systems work by merging large with intelligent, iterative processing algorithms. This combination allows AI to learn from patterns and features in the analyzed data. Each time an Artificial Intelligence system performs a round of data processing, it tests and measures its performance and uses the results to develop additional expertise

Hidden Layer

The hidden layers are responsible for all the mathematical computations or feature extraction on our inputs. In the above image, the layers shown in orange represent the hidden layers. The lines that are seen between these layers are called ‘weights’. Each one of them usually represents a float number, or a decimal number, which is multiplied by the value in the input layer. All the weights add up in the hidden layer. The dots in the hidden layer represent a value based on the sum of the weights. These values are then passed to the next hidden layer.

You may be wondering why there are multiple layers. The hidden layers function as alternatives to some degree. The more the hidden layers are, the more complex the data that goes in and what can be produced. The accuracy of the predicted output generally depends on the number of hidden layers present and the complexity of the data going in.

What is Artificial Intelligence: Applications of Artificial Intelligence

  • Natural Language Processing 

AI is used in NLP to analyze and understand human language. It powers applications such as speech recognition, machine translation, sentiment analysis, and virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa.

  • Image and Video Analysis

AI techniques, including computer vision, enable the analysis and interpretation of images and videos. This finds application in facial recognition, object detection and tracking, content moderation, medical imaging, and autonomous vehicles.

  • Robotics and Automation

AI plays a crucial role in robotics and automation systems. Robots equipped with AI algorithms can perform complex tasks in manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and exploration. They can adapt to changing environments, learn from experience, and collaborate with humans.

  • Recommendation Systems

AI-powered recommendation systems are used in e-commerce, streaming platforms, and social media to personalize user experiences. They analyze user preferences, behavior, and historical data to suggest relevant products, movies, music, or content.

  • Financial Services

AI is extensively used in the finance industry for fraud detection, algorithmic trading, credit scoring, and risk assessment. Machine learning models can analyze vast amounts of financial data to identify patterns and make predictions.

  • Healthcare

AI applications in healthcare include disease diagnosis, medical imaging analysis, drug discovery, personalized medicine, and patient monitoring. AI can assist in identifying patterns in medical data and provide insights for better diagnosis and treatment.

The Impact of AI: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Society



AI has become increasingly important in today's world as it has the potential to revolutionize many industries, including healthcare, finance, education, and more. The use of AI has already improved efficiency, reduced costs, and increased accuracy in various fields. In this article, we will explore the impact of AI on our lives, including its use in the digitalization of society. We will also look at its advancements in education and its potential for the future. One of the most notable uses of AI in the film industry was in the production of the movie "Her," where AI was used to create a believable and realistic operating system character. This demonstrated the potential of AI, as it can be used to create new and unique characters and storylines. AI can now be used to create special effects, automate tasks, and even generate entire movies.



Conclusions

AI is better than humans at finding and enacting the best policies in certain areas concerning science, engineering, and complex societal and macroeconomic issues. Artificial legal intelligence has unsettled the legal services market, the legal profession, and prevalent business models by replacing human legal expertise. AI technology re-opens returning political questions about power, freedom, democracy, and justice. AI can be used to improve political decisions achieved in several ways, fluctuating from computers aiding human decision-makers to their replacing them.

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